Contents: Host defence mechanism ... Pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts ... Infections in Iong-term use of steroid and tumon necrosis factor inhibitor therapy ... Infection in cirrhotic patients ... Infections in chronic renal failure patients ... An update on infections in neutropenia ... Antifungal therapy in hematological patients ... Immunization in immunocompromised patients ... Infections in diabetic patients ... Mycobacterial infections in immunocompromised hosts ... Common opportunistic infections in HAART era ... How to prevent infectious complication after solid organ transplantations ... Infection prevention in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation